Artículo muy interesante, aunque, claro, tampoco nos dice cuánto podremos utilizar...
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Over the past billion years, the Archaean crust alone has generated volumes of hydrogen energy equivalent to ca 170,000 years of present-day societal oil use. However, it is not known how much of this hydrogen has been preserved in societally relevant accumulations.
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Natural hydrogen accumulation requires a source rock, water within the source rock, transport and a trap to retain the hydrogen. The generation and preservation of a gas phase is essential for economic recovery.
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Gas accumulations of high-purity (>90%) hydrogen are known to occur (such as the Bourakebougou reserve found in Mali), but hydrogen mixed with helium, nitrogen and other gases are predicted in many settings.
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Helium, readily detected in near-surface fluids, provides a critical analogue to hydrogen, and can illustrate regional controls on deep gas release, transport and gas-phase formation.
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A basic understanding of the geological controls of hydrogen generation by radiolytic and water–rock reaction pathways exists and enables exploration to find the most prospective regions.
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The mantle is not a source of hydrogen gas found in the crust or near surface, as mantle-derived hydrogen is most stable as water at pressures and temperatures shallower than ca. 90 km depth.
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